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  2. Hazardous Air Pollutants: Ethylene Oxide

Community Engagement on Ethylene Oxide (EtO)

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Past outreach efforts to residents with elevated risk

In August 2022, EPA completed an analysis that showed that ethylene oxide (EtO) emissions from some commercial sterilizers in the U.S. contribute to elevated cancer risk for people living in nearby communities. Specifically, exposure over the course of a lifetime (24 hours a day for 70 years) to EtO at concentrations expected to be found near some commercial sterilizers can increase a person’s risk of developing cancer to at or above 100 in one million. 

Over several months, EPA engaged with communities where risk to people who live near commercials sterilizers was the highest to hear about their concerns and answer their questions as we shared details about this risk assessment, community risk, and efforts to reduce this risk. For more information about the specific outreach dates and any available materials for a specific community, please visit the relevant community pages at the links below.

NOTE: On March 14, 2024, EPA announced final amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Ethylene Oxide Commercial Sterilizers. This rule is one of the most important measures EPA is taking to reduce emissions of ethylene oxide and will significantly reduce lifetime cancer risks for people living near commercial sterilization facilities. It will reduce EtO emissions from commercial sterilization facilities to the outdoor air by 90 percent and, once implemented, will reduce the lifetime cancer risk for people living near all commercial sterilization facilities to levels below the Clean Air Act threshold for elevated risk. No individual will be exposed to EtO at levels that correspond to a lifetime cancer risk of greater than 100-in-1 million, and the number of people with a potential risk of greater than or equal to 1-in-1 million will be reduced by approximately 92 percent.

Learn more

The risk information on the following pages is no longer current. EPA is archiving these maps and pages.

Lakewood, CO

Groveland, FL

Taunton, MA

Hanover, MD

Jessup, MD

Salisbury, MD

Jackson, MO

Columbus, NE

Franklin , NJ

Linden, NJ

Queensbury, NY

Ardmore, OK

Allentown, PA

Erie, PA

Zelienople, PA

Añasco, PR

Fajardo, PR

Salinas, PR

Villalba, PR

New Tazewell, TN

Memphis, TN

Athens, TX

Laredo, TX

Sandy, UT

Henrico, VA

Review a full list of all commercial sterilizers in the United States.

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Hazardous Air Pollutants: Ethylene Oxide

  • EPA Actions To Reduce Risk
  • Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Explained
    • Our Current Understanding
    • EtO Risk and Your Health
    • Addressing and Learning About EtO
  • EtO Community Engagement
  • Federal Partnerships on EtO
  • EtO Additional Questions
Contact Us About Ethylene Oxide
Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on March 20, 2025
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